The conference programme for MEDICA 2013, International Trade Fair with Congress
Exposing young women and girls under the age of 20 to ionizing radiation can substantially raise the risk of their developing breast cancer later in life. Scientists may now know why. A collaborative study, in which Berkeley Lab researchers played a pivotal role, points to increased stem cell self-renewal and subsequent mammary stem cell enrichment as the culprits. Breasts enriched with mammary stem cells as a result of ionizing irradiation during puberty show a later-in-life propensity for developing ER negative tumours
Performing CPR for 38 minutes or longer can improve a patient
For childhood cancer survivors, risk factors associated with lifestyle, particularly hypertension, dramatically increase the likelihood of developing serious heart problems as adults, according to a national study led by St. Jude Children
Current laser therapy approaches are effective for treating excessive scars resulting from abnormal wound healing.
The review by Dr. Qingfeng Li and colleagues of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital in Shanghai, China, provides strong support for laser treatment of hypertrophic scars
A research study headed by Victoria Leavitt, Ph.D. and James Sumowski, Ph.D., of Kessler Foundation, provides the first evidence for beneficial effects of aerobic exercise on brain and memory in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS).
Hippocampal atrophy seen in MS is linked to the memory deficits that affect approximately 50% of individuals with MS. Despite the prevalence of this disabling symptom, there are no effective pharmacological or behavioural treatments. ‘Aerobic exercise may be the first effective treatment for MS patients with memory problems,’ noted Dr. Leavitt, research scientist in Neuropsychology & Neuroscience Research at Kessler Foundation. ‘Moreover, aerobic exercise has the advantages of being readily available, low cost, self-administered, and lacking in side effects.’ No beneficial effects were seen with non-aerobic exercise. Dr. Leavitt noted that the positive effects of aerobic exercise were specific to memory; other cognitive functions such as executive functioning and processing speed were unaffected.
The study
Results of an EORTC study show that vaccination with GM2/KLH-QS-21 does not benefit patients with stage II melanoma. Vaccination with GM2/KLH-QS-21 stimulates the production of antibodies to the GM2 ganglioside, an antigen expressed by many melanomas. Serological response to GM2 was shown to be a positive prognostic factor in patients with melanoma and was the rationale for this trial.
The idea of treating cancer with a vaccine has been around since the first vaccines against infectious disease were developed. The GM2 ganglioside, an antigen expressed in most melanomas but with limited expression in normal tissues, was thought to offer a suitable target for such therapeutic vaccination. Previous studies had shown that serological response against GM2 was a favourable prognostic factor. The five and ten year survival rates for patients with melanoma having primary tumours with a Breslow thickness greater than 1.5 mm are just of 74% and 61%, respectively, so EORTC trial 18961 was launched to compare vaccination to observation in these patients.
Prof. Alexander M.M. Eggermont of the Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, Paris-Sud, and Universit
New research suggests that sedating patients before a nerve block needed to diagnose or treat chronic pain increases costs, risks and unnecessary surgeries, and sedation does nothing to increase patient satisfaction or long-term pain control.
‘Sedation doesn
Since the 1960s, the gold standard test for viewing abnormal blood vessels in the eye has been fluorescein angiography. If an eye care professional detects signs of blood vessel abnormalities during a comprehensive dilated eye exam, this test is often the next step. Clinicians and researchers are especially interested in seeing blood vessels nearest to the retina, because those vessels may show early signs of distress in some diseases. But conventional fluorescein angiography isn
Patients with bladder cancer are two times more likely to have complications after a radical cystectomy procedure if they have a biomarker for poor nutritional status before the operation, according to study findings presented last week at the 2013 Clinical Congress of the American College of Surgeons. Surgeons from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center identified a potentially modifiable risk factor for such post-surgical problems: a low preoperative level of albumin, a marker of the protein level in the blood.
David C. Johnson, MD, MPH, lead author of the study and a senior urology resident at UNC School of Medicine, and colleagues evaluated the impact that patients
April 2024
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