FUJIFILM SonoSite has announced the launch of a strategic relationship with Partners HealthCare to apply artificial intelligence to improve the utility and functionality of portable ultrasound. The two organizations will collaborate to enhance ultrasound technology with AI to enable clinicians to perform scans at the point-of-care, further expanding the accessibility of this technology for clinicians and their patients. The collaboration will be executed through the MGH & BWH Center for Clinical Data Science and leverage the extensive data assets, computational infrastructure and clinical expertise of the Partners HealthCare system. “Allowing for even greater integration of ultrasound into our healthcare delivery system requires smarter machines,” said Keith Dreyer, DO, PhD, FACR, FSIIM, Chief Data Science Officer, Partners HealthCare. “In emergency settings, the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of portable ultrasound makes is a critical companion to other imaging modalities.” The first project under the collaboration will target some of the more complex emergency medicine procedures using AI-enabled portable ultrasound. Andrew Liteplo, MD, MGH Department of Emergency Medicine, explains, “If we build scanners that can be used by non-expert users both inside and outside the hospital, we can likely reduce the time delay between trauma and diagnosis, which will translate to more rapid interventions and improved outcomes.” Diku Mandavia, MD, FACEP, FRCPC, Senior Vice President and Chief Medical Officer of FUJIFILM SonoSite emphasizes, “This collaboration is really focused on embedding AI in portable ultrasound with the goal of providing assistance in 2D image interpretation along with the automation of measurements and calculations – the type of automation that will allow us to increase the accessibility of this critical technology while still delivering high diagnostic value.” FUJIFILM SonoSite introduced ultrasound systems designed for use at the point of care to the healthcare system over 20 years ago. We have always listened carefully to our customers to ensure their needs are being met and I am proud that we will be able to offer them AI-enhanced technology to expand their utilization of ultrasound, increasing the quality of care they can provide while saving our healthcare system money,” said Rich Fabian, President and Chief Operating Officer of FUJIFILM SonoSite. Both parties agree that high fidelity, affordable medical imaging could have an impact on a global scale, particularly in the developing world, where access to care is a fundamental challenge. As an important diagnostic tool in the fields of obstetrics and emergency medicine, increased accessibility to, and utilization of, point-of-care ultrasound holds
substantial promise. Through the collaboration, the collective clinical and technical expertise of the organizations will be harnessed to advance the field of point-of-care ultrasound.
www.sonosite.com
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Recent years have witnessed an explosion in the number of medical images. Growth has been fuelled by technology, regulations and demographic trends. According to one estimate cited by GE , as much as 90 percent of all healthcare data comes from medical imaging.
Technology has made it possible to expect ever-higher resolution imaging, which has directly led to a burgeoning volume of data. Meanwhile, standard-of-care rules require that such imaging be provided across different medical departments and that the data be retained. Finally, there is also the effect of demographics: an ageing population requires more healthcare, and this too has driven demand for more imaging.
Enormous quantum
Digital images are stored in data storage devices after preprocessing. They are transmitted and reprocessed for final applications.
The numbers are impressive. In settings like emergency rooms, imaging per patient can work out to approximately 250 GB of data. Radiologists often examine 200-plus cases a day. A ‘pan scan’ CT of a trauma patient can render 4,000 images.
Given this enormous quantum of digital data provided to an image processor, sophisticated compression techniques have been developed to reduce the size of an image. This reduction is accompanied by a high level of fault tolerance as well as sufficiently good quality of the decoded image at the end of the process.
Medicine’s Holy Grail
Many see machine-assisted analysis of imaging data to be the Holy Grail of medicine, with vital information about organ function and disease states. These, they say, can provide insights not only for the benefit of a single patient but for all victims of a medical condition. For their proponents, gamechanging mathematical tools, in the shape of increasingly sophisticated, quantitative pixel-based analysis, advanced deep learning analytics and artificial intelligence, will pave the way for dramatic advances in the effectiveness of healthcare.
Indeed, there are enough research papers, proofs-of-concept and pilot projects demonstrating how data-based screening algorithms can highlight the subtlest of changes in a nodule or a lesion. Such algorithms learn over time, and become better at what they do, resulting in even greater speed and confidence in the future.
Powering up Big Data
The above processes have been driven by the steady acceleration, over the years, in raw computer processing power. While training an algorithm at the turn of the century took 2-3 months, the same results can now be achieved and iterated within minutes.
Big Data-based pattern analysis has demonstrated the capacity to detect areas of opacities, honeycombing, reticular densities and fibrosis, and thereby provide a list of differentials, using computer aided diagnostic tools. These have been backed up with dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) texture analysis or 3D multi-planar reconstructions on highly-targeted data subsets, instead of making the time-consuming effort of interrogating and querying a complete imaging dataset.
Data quality and content
In spite of such promise, many problems need to be overcome before medical imaging data can be used to its full potential.
Traditionally, access has been a major barrier. Large healthcare organizations, which generate the bulk of imaging data, tend to keep it siloed in departmental picture archiving and communications systems (PACS).
Analysis is also handicapped by data quality. Medical imaging, as we have mentioned above, covers a gamut of areas from data acquisition and compression, to transmission, enhancement and segmentation.
Denoising and reconstruction
The biggest pre-processing step consists of cleaning up the data by denoising and reconstruction, to eliminate undesirable source signals and highlight the useful ones.
Denoising is a central challenge for all medical imaging modalities, be it ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or positron emission tomography (PET).
Typical examples include electronic noise, reverberation artefact with multi-path reflections, and echoes from tissue structures in applications such as blood flow estimation, perfusion or targeted molecular imaging.
Cleaning data in ultrasound
Medical ultrasound offers several advantages over other modalities, such as superior temporal and spatial resolution and the lack of ionising radiation risk. It is also very often more convenient.
Nevertheless, high levels of image artefact prevalence (or ‘clutter’) frequently leads to demand for more expensive modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT). However, (as we shall see), the latter too face their own denoising challenges.
One of the most frequent sources of artefact in ultrasound is off-axis scattering and multi-path reverberation. Clutter from the latter, most pronounced in a patient’s sternum and rib cage, occurs when a reflective tissue structure repeatedly reflects a returning acoustic wave vis-a-vis the ultrasound transducer face.
Such limitations serve to obscure dynamic tissue in regions of interest.
Filtering clutter
There have been two broad approaches to clearing up data clutter in ultrasound. The first consists of classical filters, which operate only in the temporal dimension.
Clutter directly degrades image performance by biasing functional image measurements. Its impact is especially profound in critical areas such as displacement estimation in elastography and blood flow imaging or myocardium strain in cardiac imaging. This impacts adversely on diagnosis of cardiac function through motion tracking or visual inspection of imaging data.
Although efforts continue to be made to improve interpolation from artefact-free regions and modelling to infer heart motion while compensating for image degradation from reverberation artefacts, it is not possible to interpolate abnormal myocardial motion in diseased hearts from statistical models alone. Filtering has therefore been the preferred choice to suppress image artefacts and allow for computing accurate motion tracking from the entire myocardium.
In medical ultrasound, filtering strategies for suppression of clutter have been directed to involve the linear decomposition of received echo signals. This approach seeks to reformulate and express the original data along a new coordinate system, which separates the clutter and signal of interest along different bases. Filtering rejects the clutter, but retains the bases which describe the signal of interest.
SVD: Adding a spatial dimension
Newer techniques add a spatial element to provide a fourdimensional approach (three spatial plus time providing the fourth).
The best example of this is singular value decomposition (SVD), which leverages differences in tissue and blood motion in terms of spatio-temporal coherence. Along with wavelet transform, SVD was developed as one of the most useful linear algebra tools for image compression. SVD is essentially a factorization and iterative approximation technique to reduce any matrix into a smaller invertible and square matrix.
The impact of SVD has been profound, making possible techniques such as ultra-fast ultrasonic imaging, which is based on the unfocused transmission of plane or diverging ultrasound waves. Larger synchronous ultrasound imaging datasets greatly improve the discrimination between tissue and blood motion in Doppler imaging.
SVD has been shown to be far superior to traditional temporal clutter rejection filters, in terms of contrast-to-noise ratio and removal of tissue or probe motion artefacts. Tests have detected completely new microvascular blood flow networks. In the clinical field, this has led to dramatic improvements in the application of high-tech imaging in areas such as the neonate brain.
The case of CT images
CT offers a different set of challenges. Firstly, the process of denoising and reconstruction of CT images depends on statistically-uncertain baseline measurements such as radiation dose. In addition, in spite of huge advancements in acquisition speed, increased signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and superior image resolution, images are still affected by noise and artefacts.
It is always important (and difficult) to strike a correct balance in the trade-off between reduction in noise on one side, and the conservation of genuine details – such as edges, corners and other structures – in order to maintain or even enhance clinically relevant image content on the other.
Real life choice of methodology poses its own set of challenges, as denoising techniques themselves often provide the means to understand the noise in CT images.
Nevertheless, a variety of algorithm-based techniques have been developed to suppress noise from the CT scanned images. Each has its own merits and demerits. Broadly, these include the use of filters, wavelet decomposition, wave atom transformation, anisotropic diffusion etc. Each produces its own set of metrics to enable comparison, based on key parameters for any imaging modality – MSE (mean square error), SNR and PSNR (peak signal-to-noise ratio), S/MSE (signal to mean square error ratio) and MAD (mean absolute difference).
Practically, interest in denoising CT has also been driven by the recent increase in awareness of radiation-induced cancer. This has made it important to enhance the diagnostic quality of low dose CT, by increasing the signal-to-noise ratio.
There have been several approaches to denoising low-dose CT images. Some researchers have used deep neural networks to improve image quality, based on the use of convolutions with different dilation rates. Compared to standard convolution, this has enabled the image to capture a greater level of contextual information in fewer layers as well as create shortcut connections to transmit information from early layers to later ones.
Approaches in MRI
One of the most prominent methods for denoising MR images has been NLM (non local means). This seeks to reduce noise by exploiting the similarity of image patterns by averaging similar image patterns (typically image patches), and is also used for CT.
Researchers have however developed new approaches. Some of the most exciting use deep learning via feature regression as well as image self-similarity, in order to permit a high degree of automatic denoising. Deep learning in MRI was typically focused on segmentation and classification of reconstructed magnitude images. Its application in lower levels of MRI measurement techniques is more recent and covers a range of processes including image acquisition and signal processing in MR fingerprinting, before denoising and image synthesis.
An intriguing approach to denoising MR images has been proposed by researchers from France’s University of Bordeaux and the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia in Spain.
The method involves a two-stage approach. In the first stage, an over-complete patch-based convolutional neural network blindly removes the noise without specific estimation of the local noise variance to produce a preliminary estimation of the noise-free image. The second stage uses this preliminary denoised image as a guide image within a rotationally invariant non-local means filter to robustly denoise the original noisy image.
The proposed approach has been compared with related state-of-the-art methods and showed competitive results in all the studied cases while being much faster than comparable filters. They present a denoising method that can be blindly applied to any type of MR image since it can automatically deal with both stationary and spatially varying noise patterns. References
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MilliporeSigma, a global life science tools and equipment supplier, is responding to the COVID-19 pandemic with products and solutions for scientists to detect and characterize viruses and to develop vaccines and therapies.
“We are committed to providing researchers with the necessary raw materials, products and services that can aid the global scientific effort to fight this novel virus. We have consolidated this product offering on a dedicated COVID-19 web page https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/covid-19.html, providing a one-stop-shop of approximately 125 products and corresponding information for academic labs and biopharmaceutical companies working to combat the virus, the company said in statement.
“We are not only focused on end-product solutions during this extraordinary time. To provide this level of support for the critical measures underway to contain and treat COVID-19 and to continue providing products that support the development and manufacturing of over-the-counter drugs to complex cell and gene therapies, we are working hard to ensure minimal disruption to our supply chain while remaining committed to the safety of our employees and customers.
“Our 59 manufacturing sites around the world remain operational to ensure that our biopharmaceutical customers have the products and services they need to serve the health needs of a global population.”
The company added that along with this, their top priority remains the safety and well-being of their employees.
“At each of our sites, we have stopped travel, arranged remote working whenever possible and implemented stringent safety measures, such as social distancing and enhanced hygiene protocol. We are leveraging virtual meeting technology to continue collaborating with the global scientific community.”
MilliporeSigma noted: “To aid the ongoing scientific response to COVID-19, we continue to monitor the global situation closely, establishing protocols and guidelines to minimize the impact whenever possible to our sites and supply. We have mobilized a global task force to actively evaluate the overall supply chain of both our products and key raw materials suppliers to mitigate any potential disruption. Leveraging business continuity plans, we remain dedicated to serving our customers in all markets. In China, our suppliers continue to increase their levels of resumed operations and, as shipping lanes in and out of China continue to improve, we are actively monitoring logistic routes and transportation options to fulfil our shipping requirements.
“Throughout all of this, we are following guidance outlined by the WHO, CDC and governments of impacted countries, and our global sites have relevant and approved preparedness plans and are empowered to act per their local scenarios, as necessary.”
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Sectra is extending its pre-operative orthopedic planning solution for trauma cases with 3D templates from one of the largest orthopedic companies, DePuy Synthes. Pre-operative planning for trauma cases using templating in combination with 3D CT images enables improved surgical outcomes.
“We are excited to provide orthopedic surgeons with DePuy Synthes 3D templates in our pre-operative planning solution. We strongly believe that this capability will help surgeons to provide patients with efficient care,” says Gustaf Schwang, General Manager Business Unit Orthopedic Solutions at Sectra.
Sectra’s 3D pre-operative planning solution enables surgeons to visualize a fracture in a dynamic 3D environment. With tools such as advanced bone segmentation, the surgeon can study and understand the fracture and determine a treatment plan prior to surgery. The ability to plan the surgical reduction and treatment pre-operatively minimizes the risk of surprises and stress during surgery, and consequently can shorten the time spent in the operating room.
Sectra’s 3D pre-operative planning solution is part of Sectra’s enterprise imaging solution, which allows for consolidation of image handling, while ensuring clinical workflow efficiency. The enterprise imaging solution is modular and supports the most image-intense departments-radiology, pathology, cardiology and orthopaedics. Being built on the same technical platform, customers can easily extend a departmental solution to create a comprehensive vendor-neutral archive (VNA) and enterprise image management solution without major investments or the replacement of existing components. https://medical.sectra.com/
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As chronic kidney disease (CKD) progresses, the kidneys become less able to maintain a healthy balance of acids in the body, a condition known as metabolic acidosis. To maintain healthy acid levels, people with CKD are treated with alkaline substances such as sodium bicarbonate, also commonly used to neutralize heartburn and indigestion. The UBI study, a large randomized controlled trial, shows that sodium bicarbonate halves the risk of kidney disease progression, the likelihood of starting renal replacement therapy (RRT; dialysis or transplantation) and the overall risk of death in people with CKD [1]. Defined as serum bicarbonate less than 22 mmol/L [2], metabolic acidosis is common in people with CKD stages 4-5 (eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73 m2) and is directly related to worsening kidney function. Metabolic acidosis is a problem because it is associated with complications such as bone disease, muscle wasting, high levels of blood potassium (hyperkalaemia), insulin resistance, high cholesterol (hyperlipidaemia), and with a more rapid decline in kidney function—shown by rising blood creatinine—and increased risk of death [3]. International guidelines recommend that, when serum bicarbonate concentration falls below 22 mmol/l, CKD patients should be treated with oral sodium bicarbonate to maintain serum bicarbonate within the normal range, unless contraindicated [2]. However, until recently, very few studies have tested the effectiveness of bicarbonate therapy in improving metabolic acidosis or its potential benefits in patients with CKD. Results of the UBI trial announced for the first time during the ERA-EDTA Congress in Budapest, now provide strong evidence for the benefits of correcting metabolic acidosis with sodium bicarbonate in people with late-stage CKD. The prospective, open-label, randomized controlled trial assigned 740 patients with CKD-3b and CKD stage 4 to either sodium bicarbonate (376 patients) or standard care without sodium bicarbonate (364 patients). The patients had a mean age of 67.8 years, creatinine clearance 30 ml/min, and serum bicarbonate 21.5 mmol/l. At the end of three years, doubling of creatinine occurred in significantly fewer patients randomized to sodium bicarbonate: 6.6% versus 17.0% receiving standard care, p<0.001. This translates into a relative risk reduction of 64% in kidney disease progression (hazard ratio [HR] 0.36; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.22-0.58; p<0.001). Similarly, the likelihood of starting RRT was also significantly lower in the sodium bicarbonate group. At the end of the study, 6.9% of patients receiving sodium bicarbonate had started RRT compared to 12.3% of the standard care group—a relative risk reduction of 50% (p=0.004; HR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.31-0.81; p=0.005). The risk of death was also significantly lower among sodium bicarbonate-treated patients at 3.1% compared to 6.8 % of the standard care group—a relative risk reduction of 57% (p=0.004; HR 0.43; 95%CI 0.22-0.87; p=0.01). Treatment with sodium bicarbonate was well tolerated, with no significant effects on blood pressure, total body weight or hospitalizations. “There are relatively few treatments that have been shown to slow progression of CKD. As nephrologist, we have used sodium bicarbonate to correct metabolic acidosis in people with CKD for some time, but definite evidence of benefit has been lacking. Our study shows that this very cost-effective treatment is safe and improves kidney and patient survival,” concluded lead investigator Dr Antonio Bellasi. [1] Bellasi A, et al. Treatment of metabolic acidosis with sodium bicarbonate delays progression of chronic kidney disease: the UBI study. LBCT Abstract ERA-EDTA Congress 2019, Budapest [2] KDIGO 2012 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int Suppl 3(1) January 2013 [3] Ahmed AR, Lappin D. Oral alkali therapy and the management of metabolic acidosis of chronic kidney disease: A narrative literature review. World J Nephrol 2018 0; 7(6): 117–122.www.era-edta.org
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Sanofi and Luminostics have signed an agreement to evaluate a collaboration on a unique self-testing solution for COVID-19, using Luminostics’ innovative technology, and further adding to Sanofi’s ongoing efforts to fight the COVID-19 pandemic on multiple fronts.
Luminostics would contribute its proprietary technology for consumer-diagnostics for COVID-19 testing while Sanofi would bring its clinical research testing experience and capabilities. The goal is to provide a smartphone-based solution that eliminates the current need for healthcare professional administration or laboratory tests.
“This partnering project could lead to another important milestone in Sanofi’s fight against COVID-19. The development of a self-testing solution with Luminostics could help provide clarity to an individual – in minutes – on whether or not they are infected” says Alan Main, Executive Vice President, Head of Sanofi Consumer Healthcare.
The goal of this collaboration is to provide a consumer-based test that can detect the COVID-19 virus with high sensitivity and specificity from respiratory samples. The total time from specimen collection to results is expected in the range of 30 minutes or less. It is based on Luminostics’ unique technology that utilizes a consumer smartphone’s optics, controlled by an iOS/Android app paired with an inexpensive adapter, in combination with “glow-in-the-dark” nanochemistry and signal processing artificial intelligence.
The diagnostic platform is composed of:
an iOS/Android app to instruct a user on how to run the test, capture and process data to display test results, and then to connect users with a telehealth service based on the results;
a reusable adapter compatible with most types of smartphones; and
consumables for specimen collection, preparation, and processing.
During the current COVID-19 crisis it became obvious that rapid, reliable mass testing is one of the key strategies for successful containment of a pandemic outbreak. While point-of-care tests were made available relatively quickly – although not in a sufficient quantity – no over-the-counter self-testing solution is currently available. A rapid self-testing solution would come with multiple advantages, including:
easy access and availability to patients at thousands of points-of-sale including e-commerce;
no further interpersonal contact necessary to conduct the testing, thereby lowering the infection risk for patient, HCP, and laboratory staff; and
immediate availability of results allowing fast decision making, providing consumers both public health and out-of-pocket cost benefits.
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Hosted by the Ministry of Health of the Sultanate of Oman, the 43rd World Hospital Congress of the International Hospital Federation (IHF) will go over some of the most pressing subjects in the global healthcare community in over 40 sessions lined up for discussion on 6 to 9 November in Muscat.
In between times of peace, situations of humanitarian crisis always manage to creep in or sweep off the guards of healthcare systems and even governments. Epidemics, wars and terrorist attacks, natural disasters and man-made hazards, and major cases of poverty and famine often fall on the ground wrecking communities’ health defenses. The persistence of these phenomena and their prevailing nature demand collective attention and actionable long-lasting mitigation plans, which are best formulated with resilient health services, health investments for prosperity, and innovations for health impact.
Under an overarching theme “People at the heart of health services in peace and crisis”, the agenda of the World Hospital Congress will cover the stages of preparation while in peace, action when in crisis and moving forward to better healthcare services for communities.
The World Health Organization (WHO) will be hosting an opening keynote session on the role of hospitals in support of universal health coverage to be presented by Dr. Edward Kelley, Director of the Department of Integrated Health Services of WHO. It will be followed by a ministerial-level panel discussion to further explore how hospitals are integral to the UHC and PHC agenda and how they can contribute to transforming health systems.
In another keynote presentation, Dr. Akihiro Seita, Director of Health Programme of UNRWA (UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine refugees in the Near East) will share about the challenge of UNRWA in providing Palestine refugees access to hospital services. In succeeding sessions, stories and perspectives taken right from the terrorist attacks in Kenya and the continuing displacement and refugee casualties in Afghanistan are ready to open many eyes to the bigger fights of the healthcare community against massive violence.
A number of sessions are equally dedicated to reviewing the central role of hospitals in the health system. In a keynote session, Dr. Agnès Soucat, Director of Health Systems Governance and Financing at WHO will help delegates further understand the role of hospitals and health services affecting population well-being. Likewise, Dr. Melinda Estes, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Saint Luke’s Health System in USA will share her knowledge about how hospitals and health systems can drive community health and prosperity.
Inspiring accounts about the birth of the Oman Cancer Association, an Omani community built from the sentiments of a cancer survivor now collaborating with several programs supportive of cancer patients, will also be told by Hon. Yuthar Mohammed Al Rawahy, Founder and Honorary Life President of the Oman Cancer Association. More sessions from this year’s congress host – the Ministry of Health of the Sultanate of Oman – will share about Oman’s stories of resilience, the integrated healthcare system they have established, as well as e-health innovations and achievements.
Innovation pathways will also take the floor in a keynote presentation to be delivered by Sir Andrew Dillon CBE, Chief Executive of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence in UK.
More topics on health innovations will be tackled in detail through the inspiring digital transformation experience of Catalonia and the huge success of Taiwan’s healthcare IT transformation.
GS1 Healthcare has also arranged a session to share examples from several countries of enhanced healthcare results by the introduction of global standards, starting at procurement in healthcare organizations.
The concept of ‘anchor institutions’ will be elaborated by senior health service leaders and experts from the NHS Confederation.
Composed of several more currently relevant topics, the agenda of the Congress will once again serve eye-opener stories happening around the globe posting both serious challenges and ripe potentials to innovate and invest on people-centered health services whether in peace or in crisis.
The IHF Muscat World Hospital Congress will take place through four consecutive days of knowledge harvest including pre-Congress sessions on ‘Economics for Healthcare Leaders’ and ‘The “Fast Forward” Initiative for community- and person-centered hospitals and health services’. This annual event will close with a hospital tour to The Royal Hospital and the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital.
https://worldhospitalcongress.org/
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A new device developed by Stanford University researchers could make it easier for doctors to monitor the success of blood vessel surgery. The sensor monitors the flow of blood through an artery. It is biodegradable, battery-free and wireless, so it is compact and doesn’t need to be removed and it can warn a patient’s doctor if there is a blockage. “Measurement of blood flow is critical in many medical specialties, so a wireless biodegradable sensor could impact multiple fields including vascular, transplant, reconstructive and cardiac surgery,” said Paige Fox, assistant professor of surgery and co-senior author of the paper. Monitoring the success of surgery on blood vessels is challenging as the first sign of trouble often comes too late. By that time, the patient often needs additional surgery that carries risks similar to the original procedure. This new sensor could let doctors keep tabs on a healing vessel from afar, creating opportunities for earlier interventions. The sensor wraps snugly around the healing vessel, where blood pulsing past pushes on its inner surface. As the shape of that surface changes, it alters the sensor’s capacity to store electric charge, which doctors can detect remotely from a device located near the skin but outside the body. That device solicits a reading by pinging the antenna of the sensor, similar to an ID card scanner. In the future, this device could come in the form of a stick-on patch or be integrated into other technology, like a wearable device or smartphone. The researchers first tested the sensor in an artificial setting where they pumped air through an artery-sized tube to mimic pulsing blood flow. Surgeon Yukitoshi Kaizawa, a former postdoctoral scholar at Stanford and co-author of the paper, also implanted the sensor around an artery in a rat. Even at such a small scale, the sensor successfully reported blood flow to the wireless reader. At this point, they were only interested in detecting complete blockages, but they did see indications that future versions of this sensor could identify finer fluctuations of blood flow. Stanford Universityhttps://tinyurl.com/y6g4qmng
Oxford has launched the ‘Oxford Supertracker’ < https://supertracker.spi.ox.ac.uk > – a global directory for COVID-19 policy trackers and surveys – to enable policy-makers and stakeholders to follow and evaluate policy changes and their impact on the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK, Europe and around the world.
Marek Naczyk, Oxford Associate Professor in Comparative Social Policy and project lead, said: “As social scientists and concerned citizens, we felt compelled to work on this tool to ensure policy-makers and the public can access information on policy measures in the wake of COVID-19. We have been encouraged by the interest to date from many international organisations, including OECD and the World Bank, highlighting how the Department of Social Policy’s interdisciplinary background is well placed for the continued development of the tool. Our ambition is for the Oxford ‘Supertracker’ to be the go-to portal sharing all known policy-related data sources in one place.”
Numerous organisations have produced trackers to allow policy-makers and stakeholders to follow and evaluate policy changes and their impact on the pandemic. The Oxford Supertracker project makes this information freely available with one tool, allowing users to search and identify international policy.
Sebastian Königs and Andrea Garnero, Economists at The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) said: “The team behind the Oxford Supertracker have done an impressive job in assembling the rapidly growing data on countries’ COVID responses and in making them readily available and easily searchable. This is an enormous service to the research and policy community, including many here at the OECD.”
Ugo Gentilini, Global Lead for Social Assistance at the World Bank, commented on the Supertracker, saying: “The Oxford Supertracker offers a precious compass to help policy-makers, practitioners and researchers to navigate the rich and evolving set of trackers available globally.”
The COVID-19 policy tracker started in March as a Twitter thread by Oxford DPhil student Lukas Lehner. But it has evolved into the Supertracker, a comprehensive global directory of more than 100 data sources.
Compiling policy trackers and surveys, the Supertracker allows users to search by:
Policy area – such as ‘education’ or ‘social and economic’
Country coverage
Data format, and
Author.
It will be updated with input from policy-makers, researchers and users, to identify symmetries and gaps in existing trackers and propose concrete actions to address these. These will be particularly relevant to the social policy and economic inequality prevention measures, that are put in place as lockdown policies ease.
Visit the Oxford Supertracker here: https://supertracker.spi.ox.ac.uk
A data summary can be downloaded as a CSV for offline analysis.
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A pan-European consortium of biotech companies announced April 23 that they will collaborate to develop and manufacture on a large scale a novel adenoviral vector-based vaccine against COVID-19.
The vaccine candidate is expected to enter clinical trials mid 2020 with vaccine production planned to start following the successful trials. If all goes according to plan, approximately 6 million doses of the vaccine are expected to be available early in 2021.
The consortium comprises Italian company ReiThera, German LEUKOCARE, and Belgian Univercells. They provide expertise in vector-based vaccine development, vaccine formulation and manufacturing, respectively. Their combined expertise is expected to enable efficient and ultra-fast vaccine development.
The vaccine technology is based on a novel, ReiThera-proprietary simian adenoviral vector with strong immunological potency and low pre-existing immunity in humans. Vaccines based on simian adenoviral vectors have been extensively evaluated in Phase 1 and 2 clinical trials and proved to be safe and immunogenic. ReiThera is currently preparing for a COVID-19 first-in-human trial to be started in Italy in mid 2020.
In parallel to its clinical development, the consortium will start manufacturing and stockpiling the vaccine. With these pilot scale processes, approximately 6 million doses of the vaccine are expected to be available early in 2021. Based on the Phase 1/2 clinical results and a path agreed with regulatory authorities, the intention with these doses will be to vaccinate the most exposed people such as medical and healthcare professionals and highly vulnerable individuals.
LEUKOCARE will contribute to the drug product development by developing a highly stable liquid vaccine formulation based on its well-established technology platform for formulations of viruses and viral vectors.
Univercells will take advantage of the previous successes of its scale-X bioreactor and NevoLine biomanufacturing platform to adapt and scale-up the technology platform and enable the mass production of ReiThera’s vaccine candidate.
Michael Scholl, Chief Executive Officer of LEUKOCARE, commented: “By combining the experience of the partners, the advanced stages of this vaccine development will allow for a swift response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Facing the current challenges, our approach for the fast and low-risk development of drug products with superior stability characteristics is even more important regarding timelines and social impact.”
https://interhospi.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/06/logo-footer.png442003wmediahttps://interhospi.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2020/06/Component-6-–-1.png3wmedia2020-08-26 14:35:292020-08-26 14:35:37Pan-European consortium established to rapidly develop vaccine
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