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Archive for category: E-News

E-News

EIZO Corporation acquires endoscopy monitor business from Panasonic Healthcare

, 26 August 2020/in E-News /by 3wmedia

Two major players in the monitor sector have joined forces. The medical monitors business of Panasonic Healthcare Co., Ltd. (‘Panasonic Healthcare’) became part of the EIZO Corporation in August 2016. The business transfer allows EIZO to combine the expertise of the two leading monitor solution manufacturers, especially for applications in medical imaging. The acquisition allows Karlsruhe-based EIZO GmbH to offer the entire product range of medical monitors for minimally invasive surgery, including 2D, 3D and 4K models.
EIZO had already announced the planned expansion of its business in the healthcare market with a particular focus on the field of operating rooms in a mid-term business plan in 2015. ‘Uncompromising quality and innovative products are EIZO’s strengths,’ said Peter Ziegler, Managing Director of EIZO GmbH in Karlsruhe. ‘Acquiring monitor solutions from Panasonic Healthcare lets us extend this offer into endoscopic image display.’
Panasonic Healthcare has been expanding its endoscopy monitor business since August 2010. Over the years, the company has built strong global partnerships with manufacturers in both endoscopy and OR integration. Panasonic Healthcare products are used in operating rooms around the world where they offer medical specialists outstanding colour settings and accurate colour reproduction. Michael Unger, formerly General Manager at Panasonic Biomedical Sales Europe B.V., sees the merger as a positive step for the future. ‘The many years of experience which EIZO and Panasonic Healthcare have accumulated in the area of imaging technology will provide surgeons with an entirely new level of quality and support in the operating room. As General Manager of Endoscopic Imaging for EIZO GmbH, I am delighted to continue supporting ongoing medical advances through the sale of our medical monitors.’

www.eizo.com www.panasonic-healthcare.com/global/
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Test detects elevated risk for Alzheimer’s disease

, 26 August 2020/in E-News /by 3wmedia

Researchers today unveiled results from a new blood test to help identify which patients are at an elevated risk of Alzheimer’s disease. The findings showed that the biochip test, which allows multiple tests to be run on one blood sample, was as accurate as existing molecular tests that analyse DNA.
‘This is the first time that we have used this biochip technology to test for an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease,’ said Emma C. Harte, PhD, a research scientist. ‘This type of testing is important in our quest to understand and diagnose Alzheimer’s and empower patients to understand risks, consider medication, and even make early lifestyle changes.’
This test detects the presence of a protein in the blood produced by a specific variation of the apolipoprotein gene (ApoE4), which is associated with increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. The apolipoprotein gene is inherited from each parent and when a patient inherits the ApoE4 variant from one parent they have a three times greater risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease, whereas a patient who inherits ApoE4 from both parents is eight-to-12 times more likely to develop the disease.
To verify the accuracy of the biochip test, 384 samples were analysed and results compared to those from a standard molecular diagnostic test. Researchers from Randox Laboratories collaborated with research colleagues at the Medical University of Vienna and found that results from the two tests were in 100percent agreement. As biochip tests allow clinicians and researchers to quickly run multiple tests on one sample of blood, this new test is also faster and more affordable than the standard DNA test, producing results in only three hours. This enables doctors to predict the risk of an individual developing Alzheimer’s disease.
‘Pairing this test with medical and family history for risk of Alzheimer’s disease has the real potential to advance personalized medicine,’ said Harte. ‘This fast, accurate testing will allow doctors and patients to make more informed choices earlier to potentially slow the possible progress of Alzheimer’s.’

AACC http://tinyurl.com/zeamaf2

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Termination of lethal arrhythmia with light

, 26 August 2020/in E-News /by 3wmedia

A research team from the University of Bonn has succeeded for the first time in using light stimuli to stop life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia in mouse hearts. Furthermore, as shown in computer simulations at Johns Hopkins University, this technique could also be used successfully for human hearts. The study opens up a whole new approach to the development of implantable optical defibrillators, in which the strong electrical impulses of conventional defibrillators are replaced by gentler, pain-free light impulses.

Ventricular fibrillation! When the heart muscle races and no longer contracts in an orderly fashion, sudden death often follows due to the lack of blood circulation. In such an emergency, a defibrillator helps to restore normal heart activity by means of intense electrical shocks. In patients with a known risk for these arrhythmia, the prophylactic implantation of a defibrillator is the treatment of choice. If ventricular fibrillation is detected, a pulse of electricity is automatically generated, which normalizes the excitation of the heart muscle and saves the person’s life.

‘When an implanted defibrillator is triggered, which unfortunately can also happen because of false detection of arrhythmia, it is always a very traumatic event for the patient’, says the head of the study, Junior-Professor Philipp Sasse of the Institute of Physiology I at the University of Bonn. ‘The strong electrical shock is very painful and can even damage the heart further’. Therefore, Professor Sasse’s team investigated the principles for a pain-free, gentler alternative. As the scientists have now shown, ventricular fibrillation can be stopped by optical defibrillation.

The team used the new method of ‘optogenetic’ stimulation of mouse hearts, which had genes inserted for so-called channelrhodopsins. These channels are derived from a green algae and change the ion permeability of heart cell membranes when illuminated. When the researchers triggered ventricular fibrillation in the mouse heart, a light pulse of one second applied to the heart was enough to restore normal rhythm. ‘This is a very important result’, emphasizes lead author Dr. med. Tobias Brugmann of Professor Sasse’s team. ‘It shows for the first time experimentally in the heart that optogenetic stimulation can be used for defibrillation of cardiac arrhythmia’. It also worked in normal mice that received the channelrhodopsin through injection of a biotechnologically-produced virus. This shows a possible clinical application, because similar viruses have already been used for gene therapy in human patients.

But are the findings with mouse hearts applicable to humans? In order to answer this question, the scientists at the University of Bonn are working together with Prof. Natalia Trayanova’s Computational Cardiology Lab at the Institute for Computer Medicine and the Department of Biomedical Engineering at Johns Hopkins University (Baltimore, USA). There, optogenetic defibrillation is being tested in a computer model of the heart of a patient after cardiac infarction. ‘Our simulations show that a light pulse to the heart would also stop the cardiac arrhythmia of this patient’, reports Research Professor Patrick Boyle, who is also a lead author. To do so, however, the method from the University of Bonn had to be optimized for the human heart by using red light to stimulate the heart cells, instead of the blue light used in mice. This aspect of the study demonstrates the important role that can be played by computational modelling to guide and accelerate the systematic development of therapeutic applications for cardiac optogenetics, a technology that is still in its infancy.

University of Bonn www.uni-bonn.de/news/195-2016

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New superconducting coil improves MRI performance

, 26 August 2020/in E-News /by 3wmedia

A multidisciplinary research team led by University of Houston scientist Jarek Wosik has developed a high-temperature superconducting coil that allows magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners to produce higher resolution images or acquire images in a shorter time than when using conventional coils.
Wosik, a principal investigator at the Texas Center for Superconductivity at UH, said test results show the new technology can reveal brain structures that aren’t easily visualized with conventional MRI coils. He also is a research professor in the UH Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering.
The cryo-coil works by boosting the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) – a measure of the strength of signals carrying useful information – by a factor of two to three, compared with conventional coils. SNR is critical to the successful implementation of high resolution and fast imaging.
Wosik said the cryo-coil reveals more details than a conventional coil because of its enhanced SNR profile. Where a conventional coil does not have enough sensitivity to ‘see,’ a superconducting coil can still reveal details. These details will remain hidden to conventional coils even when image acquisition is repeated endlessly.
For the initial tests, the probe was optimized for rat brain imaging, useful for biomedical research involving neurological disorders. But it also has direct implications for human healthcare, Wosik said.
‘Research in animal models yields critical information to improve diagnosis and treatment of human diseases and disorders,’ he said. ‘This work also has the potential to clearly benefit clinical MRI, both through high quality imaging and through shortening the time patients are in the scanner.’
Results from preliminary testing of the 7 Tesla MRI Cryo-probe were presented at the 2016 International Symposium of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine annual meeting last May. The coil can be optimized for experiments on living animals or brain tissue samples, and researchers said they demonstrated an isotropic resolution of 34 micron in rat brain imaging. In addition to its use in MRI coils, superconductivity lies at the heart of MRI scanning systems, as most high-field magnets are based on superconducting wire.
Compared to corresponding standard room temperature MRI coils, the performance of the cooled normal metal and/or the high-temperature superconducting receiver coils lead either to an increase in imaging resolution and its quality, or to a very significant reduction in total scan time,’ Wosik said.

University of Houston http://tinyurl.com/jzrln92

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Pioneers in IVC filter removal

, 26 August 2020/in E-News /by 3wmedia

Most filters – whether for water or a furnace – eventually need to be removed or replaced to avoid complications.

Blood clot filters, which are implanted in the veins of people at risk of developing blood clots in their legs, require a similar precaution.

Complications have been found to arise when the filters, even those intended to be permanent, are left in longer than three to six months. These complications may include part of the filter breaking off and traveling to the heart and lungs, abdominal pain, filter tilt, and the filter tearing or creating a blockage in the veins of the abdomen (inferior vena cava) or in the legs. The chance of complications increases the longer the filter has been in place. Blood clot filters, also known as inferior vena cava (IVC) filters, potentially are dangerous and require specialized techniques to remove them.

Interventional radiologists at Rush University Medical Center have pioneered methods to remove filters that previously couldn’t be removed for various reasons.

‘We have both the standard retrieval methods as well as the most advanced tools to remove any type of filter, and we have the medical expertise to treat any complications from the filter being implanted,’ says Osman Ahmed, MD, primary author and interventional radiologist at Rush University Medical Center and Rush Oak Park Hospital.

The techniques involve a careful method of catching or ‘snaring’ the filter to hold it in place and then covering it to prevent parts of it breaking free. The team also uses tools such as alligator forceps and excimer laser in removing filters.

Thanks to these methods, the Rush team has achieved a 100 percent retrieval rate over the past five years, including difficult-to-remove filters from patients who have been referred to Rush from other hospitals.

The minimally invasive procedure is performed on an outpatient basis using twilight (conscious) sedation in the interventional radiology suite, which is similar to an operating room but also includes special imaging equipment. More advanced retrievals are performed using general anaesthesia due to the time it may take to remove the filter.

The filter removal is performed through a small incision in the neck or groin (the maximum size is around 5 mm) and the filter is removed using X-ray guidance to manipulate wires, catheters, and other devices necessary to remove the filter, which can be up to 29 mm in length.

The Rush team lead by Bulent Arslan, MD, and Ulku Turba, MD, developed these techniques to remove IVC filters, which are implanted in the inferior vena cava, a large vein just below the kidneys, in order to trap blood clots before they travel to the heart and lungs and cause permanent damage.

Rush University Medical Center www.newswise.com/articles/pioneers-in-ivc-filter-removal

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Scientists successfully tune the brain to alleviate pain

, 26 August 2020/in E-News /by 3wmedia

Scientists at The University of Manchester have shown for the first time that if the brain is tuned-in’ to a particular frequency, pain can be alleviated.

Chronic pain- pain which lasts for more than six months – is a real problem for many people, with 20-50 percent of the general population estimated to suffer from it (comprising 20percent of consultations in general practice).

It is a much greater problem in the elderly with 62percent of the UK population over 75 year’s old suffering from it. Chronic pain is often a mixture of recurrent acute pains and chronic persistent pain. Unfortunately there are very few treatments available that are completely safe, particularly in the elderly.

Nerve cells on the surface of the brain are co-ordinated with each other at a particular frequency depending on the state of the brain. Alpha waves which are tuned at 9-12 cycles per second have been recently associated with enabling parts of the brain concerned with higher control to influence other parts of the brain.

For instance researchers at the Human Pain Research Group at The University of Manchester found that alpha waves from the front of the brain, the forebrain, are associated with placebo analgesia and may be influencing how other parts of the brain process pain.

This led to the idea that if we can tune’ the brain to express more alpha waves, perhaps we can reduce pain experienced by people with certain conditions.

Dr Kathy Ecsy and her colleagues in The University of Manchester’s Human Pain Research Group have shown that this can be done by providing volunteers with goggles that flash light in the alpha range or by sound stimulation in both ears phased to provide the same stimulus frequency. They found that both visual and auditory stimulation significantly reduced the intensity of pain induced by laser-heat repeatedly shone on the back of the arm.

Professor Anthony Jones is the director of the Manchester Pain Consortium which is focussed on improving the understanding and treatment of chronic pain. He said: ‘This is very exciting because it provides a potentially new, simple and safe therapy that can now be trialled in patients. At recent public engagements events we have had a lot of enthusiasm from patients for this kind of neuro-therapeutic approach.’

Further studies are required to test the effectiveness in patients with different pain conditions but the simplicity and low cost of the technology should facilitate such clinical studies.

University of Manchester www.manchester.ac.uk/discover/news/scientists-successfully-tune-the-brain-to-alleviate-pain/

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Titanium-gold alloy that is four times harder than most steels

, 26 August 2020/in E-News /by 3wmedia

Titanium is the leading material for artificial knee and hip joints because it’s strong, wear-resistant and nontoxic, but an unexpected discovery by Rice University physicists shows that the gold standard for artifi cial joints can be improved with the addition of some actual gold.
‘It is about 3-4 times harder than most steels,’ said Emilia Morosan, the lead scientist on a new study in Science Advances that describes the properties of a 3-to-1 mixture of titanium and gold with a specific atomic structure that imparts hardness. ‘It’s four times harder than pure titanium, which is what’s currently being used in most dental implants and replacement joints.’
Morosan, a physicist who specializes in the design and synthesis of compounds with exotic electronic and magnetic properties, said the new study is ‘a first for me in a number of ways. This compound is not difficult to make, and it’s not a new material.’ In fact, the atomic structure of the material – its atoms are tightly packed in a ‘cubic’ crystalline structure that’s oft en associated with hardness – was previously known. It’s not even clear that Morosan and former graduate student Eteri Svanidze, the study’s lead co-author, were the first to make a pure sample of the ultrahard ‘beta’ form of the compound. But due to a couple of lucky breaks, they and their co-authors are the fi rst to document the material’s remarkable properties.
‘This began from my core research,’ said Morosan, professor of physics and astronomy, of chemistry and of materials science and nano-engineering at Rice. ‘We published a study not long ago on titanium-gold, a 1-to-1 ratio compound that was a magnetic material made from nonmagnetic elements. One of the things that we do when we make a new compound is try to grind it into powder for X-ray purposes. This helps with identifying the composition, the purity, the crystal structure and other structural properties. ‘When we tried to grind up titanium-gold, we couldn’t,’ she recalled. ‘I even bought a diamond (coated) mortar and pestle, and we still couldn’t grind it up.’
What the team didn’t know at the time was that making titanium- 3-gold at relatively high temperature produces an almost pure crystalline form of the beta version of the alloy – the crystal structure that’s four times harder than titanium. At lower temperatures, the atoms tend to arrange in another cubic structure – the alpha form of titanium-3-gold. The alpha structure is about as hard as regular titanium. It appears that labs that had previously measured the hardness of titanium-3-gold had measured samples that largely consisted of the alpha arrangement of atoms.
The team measured the hardness of the beta form of the crystal in conjunction with colleagues at Texas A&M University’s Turbomachinery Laboratory and at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory at Florida State University; Morosan and Svanidze also performed other comparisons with titanium. For biomedical implants, for example, two key measures are biocompatibility and wear resistance. Because titanium and gold by themselves are among the most biocompatible metals and are oft en used in medical implants, the team believed titanium-3-gold would be comparable. In fact, tests by colleagues at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston determined that the new alloy was even more biocompatible than pure titanium. The story proved much the same for wear resistance: Titanium-3-gold also outperformed pure titanium.

Rice University http://tinyurl.com/jto5exc

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ECR all set to become annual meeting for radiographers too

, 26 August 2020/in E-News /by 3wmedia

A steady rise in the number of radiographers attending the European Congress of Radiology (ECR), and in particular their enthusiastic feedback, has led the ESR to offer more to cater especially to their needs and make the ECR the annual meeting and the place to be for all radiographers from 2017 onwards. The greatly expanded scientific programme reflects this development: nine Refresher Courses, two Professional Challenges sessions (both about different aspects of the significance of teamwork between radiologists and radiographers), and one Special Focus session about the role of radiographers in pediatric imaging constitute the core of this programme. A dedicated Pros & Cons session on ultrasound service, and the EFRS Workshop, organized by the European Federation of Radiographer Societies and dealing with authorship and reviewing, will add to the diversity of the sessions on offer. The EFRS meets’ session, which has been a regular part of the congress for the last four years, will feature Belgium as its guest country at ECR 2017, with the Association des Professionnels en Imagerie Medicale and the Vereniging Medisch Beeldvormers presenting radiographers’ achievements in their home country. The ESR’s well-established Rising Stars’ programme, which has aimed to reach trainee radiographers from the very beginning, has added the EFRS Radiographers’ Basic Session to its programme. The Voice of EPOS, the ECR’s platform for poster authors to present their work in moderated poster sessions, will also offer a separate session for radiographers for the first time.

www.myESR.org

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Imaging Stroke Risk in 4D

, 26 August 2020/in E-News /by 3wmedia

‘Atrial fibrillation is thought to be responsible for 20 to 30 percent of all strokes in the United States,’ said Northwestern’s Michael Markl, the Lester B. and Frances T. Knight Professor of Cardiac Imaging. ‘While atrial fibrillation is easy to detect and diagnose, it’s not easy to predict who will suffer a stroke because of it.’

Markl, who is a professor of biomedical engineering in the McCormick School of Engineering and of radiology in the Feinberg School of Medicine, has developed a new imaging technique that can help predict who is most at risk for stroke. This breakthrough could lead to better treatment and outcomes for patients with atrial fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation is linked to stroke because it slows the patient’s blood flow. The slow, sluggish blood flow can lead to blood clots, which can then travel to the brain and initiate stroke. Markl’s cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging test can detect the blood’s velocity through the heart and body. Called ‘atrial 4D flow CMR,’ the technique is non-invasive and does not require contrast agents. The imaging program, which images blood flow dynamically and in the three spatial dimensions, comes in the form of software that can also be integrated into current MRI equipment without the need of special hardware and scanners or equipment upgrades.

4D flow CMR can be employed to measure in-vivo 3D blood flow dynamics in the heart and atria. Derived flow stasis maps in the left atrium and left atrial appendage are a novel concept to visualize and quantify regions with low flow, known to cause clot formation and risk for stroke.
‘We simply programmed the scanner to generate information differently – in a way that wasn’t previously available,’ Markl said. ‘It allows you to measure flow, diffusion of molecules, and tissue elasticity. You can interrogate the human body in a very detailed manner.’

Historically, physicians have attempted to assess stroke risk in atrial fibrillation patients by using a risk scoring system, which takes risk factors, such as age, general health, and gender, into account. Higher risk patients are then given medicine to prevent blood clots that lead to stroke.

‘It’s very well accepted that these therapies significantly reduce the risk of stroke,’ Markl said. ‘But they also increase risk of bleeding complications. It’s a dilemma that physicians face. They want to reduce one risk without introducing another risk. It’s particularly difficult for younger patients who might be on these medications for a long period of time. Maybe the risk of bleeding is initially small. But after taking medication for 20 or 30 years, it’s more and more likely that they’ll experience complications.’

Markl’s 4D flow imaging technique can give a more precise assessment of who needs the medication, preventing physicians from over treating their patients. In a pilot study with 60 patients and a control group, Markl found that atrial fibrillation patients who would have been considered high risk for stroke by the traditional scoring system in fact had normal blood flow, while patients who were considered lower risk sometimes had the slow blood flow indicative of potential clotting.

‘About 50 or 60 percent of patients who you would consider high risk actually had normal flows,’ Markl said. ‘You could then hypothesize that those 50 percent don’t really need the treatment.’

Northwestern University www.mccormick.northwestern.edu/news/articles/2016/10/imaging-stroke-risk-in-4d.html

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The bionic cardiac patch

, 26 August 2020/in E-News /by 3wmedia

Scientists and doctors in recent decades have made vast leaps in the treatment of cardiac problems, particularly since the development in recent years of ‘cardiac patches,’ swaths of engineered tissue that can replace heart muscle damaged during a heart attack.
The Mark Hyman Jr. Professor of Chemistry and chair of the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Lieber, postdoctoral fellow Xiaochuan Dai, and other co-authors conducted a study that shows the construction of nanoscale electronic scaffolds that can be seeded with cardiac cells to produce a bionic cardiac patch.
‘I think one of the biggest impacts would ultimately be in the area that involves replaced or damaged cardiac tissue with pre-formed tissue patches,’ Lieber said. ‘Rather than simply implanting an engineered patch built on a passive scaffold, our works suggests it will be possible to surgically implant an innervated patch that would now be able to monitor and subtly adjust its performance.’
Once implanted, Lieber said, the bionic patch could act similarly to a pacemaker, delivering electrical shocks to correct arrhythmia. But the possibilities don’t end there.
‘In this study, we’ve shown we can change the frequency and direction of signal propagation,’ he continued. ‘We believe it could be very important for controlling arrhythmia and other cardiac conditions.’
Unlike traditional pacemakers, Lieber said that because its electronic components are integrated throughout the tissue, the bionic patch can detect arrhythmia far sooner and operate at far lower voltages.
‘Even before a person started to go into large-scale arrhythmia that frequently causes irreversible damage or other heart problems, this could detect the early-stage instabilities and intervene sooner,’ he said. ‘It can also continuously monitor the feedback from the tissue and actively respond.’
‘And a normal pacemaker, because it’s on the surface, has to use relatively high voltages,’ Lieber added.
The patch might also find use, Lieber said, as a tool to monitor responses under cardiac drugs, or to help pharmaceutical companies to screen the effectiveness of drugs under development. Likewise, the bionic cardiac patch could also be a unique platform to study the tissue behaviour evolving during some developmental processes, such as aging, ischemia, or differentiation of stem cells into mature cardiac cells.
Although the bionic cardiac patch has not yet been implanted in animals, ‘We are interested in identifying collaborators already investigating cardiac patch implantation to treat myocardial infarction in a rodent model,’ he said. ‘I don’t think it would be difficult to build this into a simpler, easily implantable system.’
In the long term, Lieber believes, the development of nanoscale tissue scaffolds represents a new paradigm for integrating biology with electronics in a virtually seamless way.
Using the injectable electronics technology that he pioneered last year, Lieber even suggested that similar cardiac patches might one day simply be delivered by injection.
‘It may actually be that, in the future, this won’t be done with a surgical patch,’ he said. ‘We could simply do a co-injection of cells with the mesh, and it assembles itself inside the body, so it’s less invasive.’

Harvard University http://tinyurl.com/gp8fdaw

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